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Geographical and ecological distribution of marine halacarid genera and species (Acari: Halacaridae)
Bartsch, I. (2002). Geographical and ecological distribution of marine halacarid genera and species (Acari: Halacaridae). Experimental and Applied Acarology 34(1/2): 37-58. https://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:appa.0000044438.32992.35
In: Experimental and Applied Acarology. Springer: Dordrecht. ISSN 0168-8162; e-ISSN 1572-9702, more
Peer reviewed article  

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Keywords
    Geography > Biogeography
    Halacaridae Murray, 1877 [WoRMS]
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    Dispersal, Endemisms, Halacaridae, Latitudinal and vertical diversity

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Abstract
    At the end of 2002, the number of marine halacarid species was 1018, that of genera 51. A single genus, Copidognathus contains 33% of all species (336). Eleven genera are monotypic. Geographical provinces with a large number of species are the tropical western Pacific, temperate northeastern Atlantic, temperate southeastern Pacific, and Mediterranean-Black Sea. Most records of halacarid species are from temperate and tropical areas; 10% of species are known from polar zones. On a generic level, 29 genera are recorded from tropical and temperate but not from polar provinces, five genera are restricted to the tropics, and none to polar regions. The majority (920 species or 90%) of all species live in the upper 200 m. Records of genera with exclusively algivorous or brackish/fresh water species are bound to littoral habitats; all the other genera occur in more than one depth zone. Arenicolous genera, though most abundant in the littoral zone, have representatives in the bathyal. Four marine genera (Copidognathus, Halacarellus, Isobactrus, Lohmannella) have representatives in coastal fresh water, and three genera, Acarothrix, Caspihalacarus and Peregrinacarus, are predominantly inhabitants of diluted brackish and fresh water. None of the free-living halacarid genera of the world's oceans appears to be endemic to one geographical province.

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